Benefits of a Motivated Staff - 1322 Words

What is motivation? Motivation is defined as â€Å"an individual’s willingness to respond to the organization’s requirements in short run.† (P.71 Dixon, 1998) For the purposes of this research paper, I find the most fitting definition of motivation is to define it as â€Å"the force that Energizes, Directs, and Sustains behavior.† (uri.com, 2014) Motivation is imperative to productivity. A highly motivated staff often leads to high productivity from the workforce. But why is motivating staff the most difficult task for managers in so many businesses? One of the primary reasons is because â€Å"behavior on the individual level is a very complex phenomenon† (Davidson 2005, p.304) Clearly, If a manager wants to build and/or sustain a successful company,†¦show more content†¦This encourages them to interact with other employees that carryout similar duties as a given employees, and/or with an employee that they normally would not interact with. Informal teams meetings can be encouraged to offer training camps and to discuss new ideas and improvements that can be made on the job. By allowing â€Å"social interaction, employees begin to feel that they are a part of a team.†(Davidson 2005 p.307) Esteem needs: According to Maslow, after satisfying social needs, employees often want to seek fulfillment of esteem needs. Self-esteem is comprised of self-confidence and self-respect whereas having esteem for other individuals is the respect one has for them. (Davidson 2005 p.307) When the performance of an employee is consistently rated high, that employee is often recognized for their superior performance. Once a manager rewards or promotes and employee, they often gain respect from their peers. This leads to employee being proud of themselves and intern gaining self-respect and self-confidence. â€Å"Employees often think that hard word leads to promotion opportunities. Having workers think that they can be promoted as a reward for hard work can be a motivator.† (Taylor, 2006 p. 8) Self- actualization needs are highest level need of an employee. â€Å"These involve realizing a workers full potential for development on an individual level and continued personal growth.†Show MoreRelatedThe Benefits and Problems For a Firm Trying to Increase the Flexibility of Its Operations519 Words   |  3 PagesThe Benefits and Problems For a Firm Trying to Increase the Flexibility of Its Operations Flexibility is the ability and the willingness of a firm to change its operations in response to changing circumstances. In the ever changing marketplace, a company not able to redevelop a product, department, or itself over-night may miss out in terms of sales to one of its competitors. Customers demand more and more in terms of different products, and more styles and companiesRead MoreDifferent Levels Of Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1696 Words   |  7 Pagesesteem needs, being respect and recognition of achievement. As social needs must first be met before esteem needs, workplaces provide an element of trust that an individual will do a job, acceptance into this trust and workplace, friendships with other staff members, and a sense of belonging to a team and contributing to a similar goal. When this need is met, needs of esteem can then be fulfilled as an individual will earn the respect fellow colleagues, and they will be rewarded by management when theyRead MoreThe Role Of Performance Management And The Reward System1416 Words   |  6 Pagesservice toward employees and the main aim is to create a ‘culture‘ where a high standard performance is part of everyday life of the organisation. Employees are the most important part of every business and a not effective PM and de-motivation of the staff can h ave a direct impact on their performance in daily basis. Therefore a recruitment and selection process must be done very critically to match the ability of the new employee with the job role and avoid the employment of the wrong person. The abilityRead MoreThe Role Of Performance Management And Reward1432 Words   |  6 Pagesemployees and the main aim is to create a ‘culture‘ where a high standard performance is part of everyday life of the organisation. Employees are the most important part of every business and a not effective performance management and demotivation of the staff can have a direct impact on their performance in daily basis. Therefore a recruitment and selection process must be done very critically to match the ability of the new employee with the job role and avoid the employment of the wrong person. The abilityRead MoreOperational Motivation Plan Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagespositive elements will provide an excellent basis for management objectives, as well as the profile of the organization. The most difficult job that faces a supervisor is learning how to effectively motivate and keep his/her employees motivated. The average person when asked how to motivate someone will tell you what motivates him or her. Unfortunately, everyone is different and what motivates one employee may only make another employee angry. The method we use to motivateRead MoreMotivation to Work Well Depends More Than High Wages and on Working Co1636 Words   |  7 Pageseffect that money and good working conditions have on staff and the other factors and issues that motivate staff to work in the context of the workplace. In order to critically discuss and evaluate what motivates staff in the workplace it is imperitive to firstly define the concept of motivation. Motivation can be defined as the force or process which impels people to behave in the way they do; Newcomb (1950) said that an organism is motivated: when - and only when - it is characterized both byRead MoreMotivation : Motivation And Motivation Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesobstacles or roadblocks. Sources of motivation are categorized into two groups: extrinsic motivators and intrinsic motivators. Behavior that is performed for its own sake is intrinsically motivated and behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment is extrinsically motivated. Examples of extrinsic motivators are salary, working conditions and job security, while opportunities to use one s own initiative and creativity are examples of intrinsic motivators. -Read MoreHuman Resource Management And An Organization Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pagesinclude, hiring, performance management, developmental issues, safety, staff welfare, benefits and staff motivation. An organization cannot create a group of professional working staff without better human resources (Stewart, Brown, 2012, 65). The human resource management has a wide variety of functions in an organization. The first function is to recruit and train new staff members. An organization needs to update its staff members after a series of time to enhance better performance. The humanRead MoreAn American Engineer And Management Consultant Who Is Best Known For Developing The Gantt Chart1703 Words   |  7 Pagespicture of how a project is structured. How does that actually make us more efficient? It is well known that one picture speaks thousands of words, so by having a look at the big picture of something before it starts helps workers set a goal and be motivated to work towards it, because they know how the end project will look like, and they are ensured that they have enough information to create it. In this way the stress is decreased and the time is managed more efficiently. Project tracking and organisationRead MoreWestern Health System Case Study1424 Words   |  6 Pagesderived from an internal force that provides an individual the opportunity to achieve their needs or goals. People are motivated by a variety of things and often have different motivating factors. Employers should be mindful of individual motivating factors when attempting to motivate staff to increase performance. While some people may be motivated by money, many are motivated by things like: recognition, promotion, and increased responsibility. Once an employer has identified motivating factors

Content and Theme of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Rivaled...

Content and theme of Frankenstein rivaled to Rime of the Ancient Mariner English novelist Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and English poet Samuel Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner share very closely tied themes respectively in their own literary worlds. Through both novel and poem, in the eyes of each Victor Frankenstein and the Mariner three themes recur within. Knowledge, Frankenstein is addicted to knowledge in younger pursuits. The Mariner is cursed on the spread of knowledge of his obliterate tale of desolation through the wedding guest. Desolation, Frankenstein constantly torn by guilt wears himself to illness and disconnection from surrounding life. The Mariner in his lonely pursuit with his dead shipmates, left to be†¦show more content†¦Like all natural things, the Albatross is intimately tied to the spiritual world, and thus begins the Ancient Mariners punishment by the spiritual world through means of the natural world. Rather than direct confrontation; the supernatural communicates through the natural. The oce an, sun, and lack of wind and rain brutalize the Ancient Mariner and his shipmates. When the dead men come back to the physical world to curse the Ancient Mariner with their eyes. Men (like Adam) feel the urge to define things, and the Ancient Mariner seems to feel this urge when he suddenly and inexplicably destroys the Albatross, shooting it from the sky as if he needs to bring it into the physical realm, to explain to himself. It is mortal, but closely tied to the metaphysical, spiritual world, it even flies like a spirit because it is a bird. This use of nature to teach in Rime of the Ancient Mariner is alternatively seen in Frankenstein to heal. The use of a mountain river to describe Frankensteins feelings is the beginning of a theme that is continued throughout the story. The introduction of an association of nature and human feeling, shows how Shelley prefers to use metaphor of a natural setting rather than openly discussing Frankensteins inside conflits. Instead of relati ng Frankenstein feelings and experience in rational discourse, intellectual description or by dialogue with other characters, she chooses the image of a

Speech to the Virginia Convention free essay sample

American scholar by the name of Patrick Henry delivered a very famous speech that most historians remember today. One of his most famous quotes â€Å"Give me liberty or give me death† persuaded the Virginia Convention to agree that the time for war is now. At the time, Great Britain was the most powerful country in the world and for Patrick Henry to convince the colonies to go to war he used rhetorical devices, allusions, and symbolism. Patrick Henry uses a variety of allusions to convince his listeners at the convention that they have suffered for ten years. An allusion is a reference to someone or something that is known from history, religion, or literature. â€Å"Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. † This allusion refers to Judas from the bible who betrayed Jesus with a kiss for 30 pieces of silver. In the Odyssey, the sea maiden’s seductive songs lured sailors to their deaths. We will write a custom essay sample on Speech to the Virginia Convention or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Henry insists that the British are luring them in with all of these false hopes and promises. â€Å"Has Great Britain any enemy, in this corner of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? † (81). Patrick Henry exhausts this rhetorical question to grab the attention of the Convention by implying that if Great Britain is not against us, why are troops going to be formed around them. The second rhetorical question is â€Å"What terms shall we find which have not been already exhausted? Meanings that what compromises and boundaries could they find to keep with Britain that they didn’t already have or argue over a third one, â€Å"But when shall we be stronger? † (82). Because he is asking them if we are not strong enough today, when will we be stronger? That was no logical excuse. Henry’s speech to the Virginia Convention is one of the most persuading speeches of all time. He convinced a weak country to go to war against the stronges t country of the world at that time. He used allusion, rhetorical devices, and symbolism.

Security Guards Essay Example For Students

Security Guards Essay The Career I chose to research about was Security Guards. I researched about there wages, where they work, and about what they do. I hope you enjoy this research paper. First I will tell about what a security guard does. Some security guards patrol and inspect buildings and grounds. They check to see that windows, doors, and gates are locked. They also make sure that security equipment is working correctly. In stores, guards watch for theft by customers. In banks, guards watch for robbers. Some guards drive armored vehicles to transport money or valuables safely to and from banks. While other guards are responsible for driving and providing protection to their employers. Guards may find work in offices and factories, guards check employee identification and answer visitor questions. At airports, they may find jobs to use screening equipment to detect the presence of guns or other illegal items. Other places guards may find jobs is at places of entertainment, such as nightclubs. They walk around and watch customers for signs of fighting. They warn customers when they are being too rowdy. Sometimes guards must evict customers; occasionally they may use force. Wages of a security guard generally depend on the place they work and job experience. In Illinois the average wage for a security guard is ,565 per month or .00 per hour. Also guards who are armed will receive higher wages that an unarmed guard. Security guard who work full time also receive benefits from there employers, such as Health insurance sick leave and paid vacations, some employers also pay for retirement. In Conclusion security guards are important jobs that many businesses need and are well paid. If you are planning to work as a security guard it is a nice job with good benefits. I hope you enjoyed this paper.

Comparison of Love Poetry Essay Example

Comparison of Love Poetry Essay In the following essay I will be examining 3 poems of affection, of which I will inclusively talk about the themes of the love and also describe the views that have been used. The poems I am going to unravel to you are When We Two Parted by Lord Byron, A Woman To Her Lover by Christina Walsh and finally Villegiature by Edith Nesbit. Love can mean different things to different people. There are also different types of love such as un-conditional love between a parent and a child or un-required love which is when you love someone and the feelings are not reciprocated. Firstly a woman to her lover is a poem that is written by a female writer called Christina Walsh. This poem is about a woman that is expressing her feelings about her lover openly as you read on through the poem she reveals more about her life and what she demands from her husband. For example: in the first paragraph she talks about how women are slaves but she then goes on to say that she would reject her lover if thats the case. I know this as she says To make me a bondslave, then says, no servant will I be, if that be what you ask o lover I refuse you! Since the poem is written in the 1900s you straight away know that she is a strong and demanding women at the time as women were treated as slaves and did not have rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Love Poetry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Love Poetry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Love Poetry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Secondly I will make clear the second poem which is Villegiature. Straight away people ask what is Villegiature? Well its a French word meaning holiday retreat or getaway. Edith Nesbit was the author of this poem and she was a person with strong political views, who had a sense of independency. She published her work with a fake name which is Edith Nesbit because she was married between 1858-1924, you can see straight away why she had a fake name and how she was treated by (husband) her man. I personally think that this poem is unique compared to ordinary love poems even though its a sonnet (4 stanzas 4 lines each mainly about love and feelings of love), the poem starts off with there being a lost mate. Your ghost last night climbed uninvited. As the poem goes on she expresses her feelings by talking of romance but in the last stanza she realizes why she had left him and how boring he was. So basically this love poem is about a break up of two people in the style of romantic poetry. Typical romance alliteration is used like solid self used to emphasis the love and emotion used. Third of all I would like to express the feelings of Lord Byron who was a player at his time but when he was outplayed he couldnt take it and wrote this poem. Its like the saying the player got played. Lord Byron was a famous poet to start with and he was the type of person who did drugs and sleep with various women. When he wrote when we two parted he expresses his feelings about an affair with this woman that was married and cannot express his emotions openly as he committed an illegal sin. I know he was in mental pain as he articulated In Silent we met in silence I grieve. This also points out how unsecure and secret the relationship really was. He also emphasizes his feelings using a few rhetorical questions such as Why wert thou so dear? Rhetorical questions are often used for confusion or to show the feelings of the writer, but Lord Byron not only use it for theses purposes but to show us his emotions. This is also a type of emotive language used. My opinion is that the tone u sed in the poem could be described as regretful because when she broke up with him he found out how it really felt and realized he had scarred many womens lives. The imagery used in the poem is physical imagery as Pale grew thy cheek and cold. Is death imagery and death is physical. There are some similarities though, between the three poems, the fact that in Villegiature and when we two parted is about a break up and a women to her lover is threatening to break up if she is treated wrongly (this could also be a difference). One of the major similarities is that all of the three writers talk in the first person expressing their emotions using such emotive language as pear tree bloom (from Villegiature) to slowly tell you whats inside the envelope. A woman to her starts directly into the speech do you come to bend me to your will, Villegiature comes from the beginning to say my window, when we two parted is getting to the point when we two parted in silence and tears, all of these poems start sharp and to the point using first person. A similarity between When we two parted and Villegiature could be that they both rhyme in between every two sentences. One of the rhymes used is lighted uninvited in Villegiature and tears years in when we two parted. I think the rh yming done in these two poems are to catch people attention when reading the two poems. These two poems also have the same amount of lines in each stanza. I think even though all of these poems are love poems they are quite different as they all talk about different types of love and have different stories but not just that also the layouts are completely different. For example: even if all of these three poems are love poetry they all have different meanings: a women to her lover is a poem about a woman demanding her rights even though shes way beyond her years whereas Villegiature is a poem where even the title has a meaning and also the fact that its a sonnet although when we two parted is a man in grief as a women he was having an affair with a woman who left her and the process is all in secrecy. One of the biggest differences was the authors who had different life stories like Lord Byron who was first of all a male but not just that as he was a player in his time who was played finally. Christina Walsh was a women well beyond her years as she talked to men like she was the boss, this took place in the 1900s where at the time women were treated as objects but she wouldnt stand for it. Edith Nesbit was the complete opposite as she was scared which I know as she used the false name Edith Nesbit to write such eloquent and deep meaning poems. I think the poem that is most different from the others is A woman to her lover as it is not a break up but a control freak who wants to do as she likes even though the whole country forbids it which shows that she is mentally strong. The other two poems are break ups and the tone is different to this. But even they have a singular difference e.g. when we two parted is written in an older time and written in older fashion than other two poems. Villegiature is a short sonnet that gets to the point towards the end instead of begging which makes it quite unique. Finally I think that these three poems are not quite as eye catching as I would of liked but quite boring as they are quite long but the only poem that was short got to the point right at the end and was an odd sonnet as most sonnets are about romance. If I had to choose one of these poems to work on or write about in the future I would choose Villegiature as it is the easiest to write about and it is relatively short compared to the other poems, Overall reviewing the love poems was a good experience for me as I have learnt a lot but still need to read a variety of interesting romantic poems to actually get involved.

How to Apply for a US Passport

How to Apply for a US Passport Applying for a US passport can be simple or it can be ​a  crash course in bureaucracy. You want simple. Best advice? Learn the rules, assemble everything you need before you apply for your US passport and apply at least 6 weeks before your trip. US Passport  - Do You Need One? All US citizens traveling anywhere outside the United States will need a passport. All children regardless of age, including newborns and infants, must have their own passport. There are special requirements for all minors ages 16 17. A U.S Passport is not required for direct travel within the 50 States (including Hawaii, Alaska, and District of Columbia) and U.S Territories (Puerto Rico, Guam, U.S Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, Swains Island). However, if you are traveling to a U.S. State or Territory through another country (for example, traveling through Canada to go to Alaska, or, traveling through Japan to go to Guam), a passport may be required. Also be sure to read the following information on requirements for travel to Mexico, Canada or the Caribbean. Important: Travel to Mexico, Canada or the Caribbean Under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) of 2009, most U.S. Citizens returning to the United States from Mexico, Canada or the Caribbean at sea or land ports of entry must have a passport, passport card, Enhanced Driver’s License, Trusted Traveler Program card or other travel document approved by the Department of Homeland Security. It is advised that you refer to the U.S. State Departments Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative information website when planning travel to Mexico, Canada or the Caribbean. US Passport - Applying in Person You must apply for a US passport in person if: You are applying for your first U.S. passport orYou are under age 16 orYour previous U.S. passport was issued when you were under age 16 orYour previous U.S. passport was lost, stolen, or damaged orYour previous U.S. passport was issued more than 15 years ago orYour name has changed since your US passport was issued and you are unable to legally document your name change Also note that there are special rules for all minors under age 16 and all minors age 16 and 17. Proof of US Citizenship Required When applying for a U.S. passport in person, you will need to provide proof of US citizenship. The following documents will be accepted as proof of US citizenship: Previously issued, undamaged US passportCertified birth certificate issued by the city, county or state of birthConsular Report of Birth Abroad or Certification of BirthNaturalization CertificateCertificate of Citizenship If you do not have primary evidence of U.S. citizenship or your birth certificate does not meet the requirements, you can submit an acceptable form of Secondary Evidence of US Citizenship. NOTE: Effective April 1, 2011, the U.S. Department of State began requiring the full names of the applicants parent(s) to be listed on all certified birth certificates to be considered as primary evidence of U.S. citizenship for all passport applicants, regardless of age. Certified birth certificates missing this information are no longer acceptable as evidence of citizenship. This did not affect applications already in-process that had been submitted or accepted before April 1, 2011. See: 22 CFR 51.42(a) US Passport Application Form You will also need to fill out, but not sign, Form DS-11: Application for a U.S. Passport. This form must be signed in the presence of the Passport Agent. The DS-11 form may also be filled out online. US Passport Photographs You will need to provide two (2) identical, passport-quality photographs with you application for a US passport. Your US Passport Photographs Must Be: Identical and in color2 x 2 inches in sizeTaken within the past 6 months, showing current appearanceFull face, front view with a plain white or off-white backgroundBetween 1 inch and 1 3/8 inches from the bottom of the chin to the top of the headTaken in normal street attireUniforms should not be worn in photographs except religious attire that is worn dailyDo not wear a hat or headgear that obscures the hair or hairlineIf you normally wear prescription glasses, a hearing device, wig or similar articles, they should be worn for your pictureDark glasses or nonprescription glasses with tinted lenses are not acceptable unless you need them for medical reasons (a medical certificate may be required)Vending machine photos are not generally acceptable Proof of Identification Required When you apply for a US passport in person, you will need to present at least one acceptable form of identification, including: Previously issued, undamaged US passportValid Drivers LicenseNaturalization CertificateCurrent government ID (city, state or federal)Current Military ID (military and dependents) Where to Apply in Person for a US Passport: You can apply in person for a US passport at any Passport Acceptance Facility (usually a Post Office). Processing Fees for a US Passport When you apply for a US passport, you will need to pay the current US passport processing fee. You can also request expedited US passport processing for an additional $60.00 fee. Need Your US Passport Fast?   If you need expedited processing of your application for a US passport, the State Department strongly suggests you schedule an appointment. How Long Will it Take? Current processing times for US passport applications can be found on the State Departments Applications Processing Times web page. Once you have applied for a US passport, you can check the status of your application online. US Passport - Renew by Mail You can apply to renew your US passport by mail if your current US passport: is undamaged and can be submitted with your applicationWas issued when you were age 16 or olderWas issued within the last 15 yearsWas issued in your current name or you can legally document your name change If all of the above are true, you can renew your US passport by mail. Otherwise, you must apply in person. Requirements for Passport Applicants with Puerto Rican Birth Certificates As of October 30, 2010, the Department of State no longer accepts Puerto Rican birth certificates issued prior to July 1, 2010, as primary proof of U.S. citizenship for a U.S. passport book or passport card. Only Puerto Rican birth certificates issued on or after July 1, 2010, will be accepted as primary evidence of U.S. citizenship. The requirement does not affect Puerto Ricans who already hold a valid U.S. passport. The Government of Puerto Rico recently passed a law invalidating all Puerto Rican birth certificates issued prior to July 1, 2010, and replacing them with enhanced security birth certificates with features to combat passport fraud and identity theft.

Emergence of Red Power movement in 1960s Research Paper

Emergence of Red Power movement in 1960s - Research Paper Example The period in between 1960s and 1970s, was a period that the federal government faced immense pressure from the Native Americans in regards to addressing the issues that faced the Indians at the same time the need to reassert the rights of the Indians. Emergence of Red Power movement in 1960s Outline Introduction History of Red power movement Causes for the Emergence of Red Power Movement Conclusion Bibliography Emergence of Red Power movement in 1960s Introduction Red power was a force to reckon with in the 1960s. It had a huge influence in decisions made by the government including policies. The period in between 1960s and 1970s, was a period that the federal government faced immense pressure from the Native Americans in regards to addressing the issues that faced the Indians at the same time the need to reassert the rights of the Indians. By imitating other ethnic groups at that time, the Indians in America gained courage and stood up to reaffirm their cultural and ethnic identity . It is from these ideas and operations that constituted a movement that would come to be identified as the Red Power Movement. The main and particular aim of the Red Power Movement was to do away with the federal policy of termination, lead the Indians to their ancestral and cultural ways an at the same time revitalize as well as review the existing Indian communities of that time. As the movement established itself, it emulated its counterpart movements that represented the Africa Americans and Latinos in a number of different ways. The Red Power movement used various means of operations to pass their message across the public regarding the general grievances and plight of the Native Americans they represented. Among the various means used in sending their message across are demonstrations, protests, marches and sit-ins. One of the most attention-grabbing and publicized events that was undertaken by the Red Power movement was the famous nineteen-month occupation of an abandoned fe deral prison in Alcatraz Island in early 1969. Majority of the Indian activists perceived this as the crucial spark that was part and parcel of igniting the flame of the Red Power Movement. After the occupation in Alcatraz Island, more occupations were undertaken in various locations throughout the country. The siege in 1973 that lead to the occupation of Wounded Knee, which was in South of Dakota is recoded as one of the famous sieges that overshadowed the others1. From 1971, there have been numerous protests going on throughout the country, in reserves as well as in the cities. These protests incorporated Native Americans, organizations and native newspapers, all motivated to fight for the rights and interests of the American Indians. The 1970s period is regarded as years in which there was the most intense pressure brought about by Native American protests in the whole of twentieth century. The protests that took place in early 1970s were inspired by the Alcatraz occupation model as Indians repossessed the federal land and later on reclaimed it for cultural and educational purposes2. History of Red power movement The American Indian activism roots are dated back in 1492, despite much of their activities getting recognition in 1960s and 1970s. In 1492, there was an encounter between the indigenous people of Mesoamerica and European explorers. More encounters were to occur in 1607 and in 1622. At this period, the reasons for the activism were complicated and at the same time simple. The reasons were protection of their homeland and recognition by the incoming invaders3. According to Teruton, the leaders of Red Power brought about new social knowledge that was manifested in their political operations. This knowledge was often verified with the growth of the movement. Despite the discrimination they faced from the whites and the economic and social bondage they were in, majority of the Indians soldiered on with their cultural activities. The Red Power played a great role in inspiring the American Indians in declaring their rights and culturally expressing themselves. Majority of the Indians at this moment began transforming as they compared their cultures