Friday, August 28, 2020

History of Holy Roman Emperor Otto I (Otto the Great)

History of Holy Roman Emperor Otto I (Otto the Great) Otto the Great (Nov. 23, 912-May 7, 973), likewise known as Duke Otto II of Saxony, was known for solidifying the German Reich and making critical advances for mainstream impact in ecclesiastical governmental issues. His rule is commonly viewed as the genuine start of the Holy Roman Empire. He was chosen ruler Aug. 7, 936 and delegated sovereign Feb. 2, 962. Early Life Otto was the child of Henry the Fowler and his subsequent spouse, Matilda. Researchers know little of his adolescence, yet it is accepted he occupied with some of Henrys crusades when he arrived at his late youngsters. In 930 Otto marry Edith, the little girl of Edward the Elder of England. Edith bore him a child and a little girl. Henry named Ottoâ his replacement, and a month after Henrys passing, in August of 936, the German dukes chose Otto lord. Otto was delegated by the diocese supervisors of Mainz and Cologne at Aachen, the city that had been Charlemagnes most loved living arrangement. He was twenty-three years of age. Otto the King The youthful lord was set on affirming the sort of firm power over the dukes that his dad had never overseen, however this strategy prompted quick clash. Eberhard of Franconia, Eberhard of Bavaria, and a group of displeased Saxons under the authority of Thankmar, Ottos stepbrother, started a hostile in 937 that Otto quickly squashed. Thankmar was executed, Eberhard of Bavaria was ousted, and Eberhard of Franconia submitted to the king.â The last Eberhards accommodation had all the earmarks of being just an exterior, for in 939 he got together with Giselbert of Lotharingia and Ottos more youthful sibling, Henry, in a rebel against Otto that was bolstered by Louis IV of France. This time Eberhard was killed in fight and Giselbert suffocated while escaping. Henry submitted to the lord, and Otto pardoned him. However Henry, who felt he ought to be the best himself regardless of his dads wishes, plotted to kill Otto in 941. The plot was found and all the backstabbers were rebuffed with the exception of Henry, who was again pardoned. Ottos strategy of benevolence worked; from that point on, Henry was faithful to his sibling, and in 947 he got the dukedom of Bavaria. The remainder of the German dukedoms additionally went to Ottos family members. While this inside hardship was going on, Otto still figured out how to reinforce his resistances and extend the limits of his realm. The Slavs were vanquished in the east, and part of Denmark went under Ottos control; the German suzerainty over these territories was cemented by the establishing of ministerial offices. Otto experienced some difficulty with Bohemia, yet Prince Boleslav I had to submit in 950 and paid tribute. With a solid command post, Otto battled off Frances cases to Lotharingia as well as wound up intervening in some French inward difficulties.â Ottos worries in Burgundy prompted an adjustment in his local status. Edith had kicked the bucket in 946, and when the Burgundian princess Adelaide, the bereft sovereign of Italy, was taken prisoner by Berengar of Ivrea in 951, she went to Otto for help. He walked into Italy, took up the title King of the Lombards, and wedded Adelaide himself.â Then, back in Germany, Ottos child by Edith, Liudolf, combined with a few German magnates to rebel against the ruler. The more youthful man saw some achievement, and Otto needed to pull back to Saxony; yet in 954 the attack of the Magyars set off issues for the revolutionaries, who could now be blamed for planning with adversaries of Germany. In any case, battling proceeded until Liudolf finally submitted to his dad in 955. Presently Otto had the option to bargain the Magyars a devastating blow at the Battle of the Lechfeld, and they never attacked Germany again. Otto kept on observing achievement in military issues, especially against the Slavs. Otto the Emperor In May of 961, Otto had the option to mastermind his six-year-old child, Otto (the main child destined to Adelaide), to be chosen and delegated King of Germany. He at that point came back to Italy to help Pope John XII remain against Berengar of Ivrea. On February 2, 962, John delegated Otto sovereign, and after 11 days the arrangement known as Privilegium Ottonianum was finished up. The arrangement managed relations among pope and head, despite the fact that whether the standard permitting sovereigns to sanction ecclesiastical decisions was a piece of the first form stays an issue for banter. It might have been included December, 963, when Otto ousted John for inducing an equipped intrigue with Berengar, just as for what added up to direct unbecoming a pope.â Otto introduced Leo VIII as the following pope, and when Leo passed on in 965, he supplanted him with John XIII. John was not generally welcomed by the masses, who had another applicant at the top of the priority list, and a revolt followed; so Otto came back to Italy again. This time he remained quite a long while, managing the agitation in Rome and traveling south into Byzantine-controlled bits of the promontory. In 967, on Christmas Day, he had his child delegated co-head with him. His dealings with the Byzantines prompted a marriage between youthful Otto and Theophano, a Byzantine princess, in April of 972. Not long a while later Otto came back to Germany, where he held an extraordinary get together at the court in Quedlinburg. He kicked the bucket in May of 973 and was covered close to Edith in Magdeburg. Assets and Further Reading Arnold, Benjamin. Medieval Germany, 500-1300: a Political Interpretation. College of Toronto Press, 1997.â€Å"Otto I, the Great.†Ã‚ CATHOLIC LIBRARY: Sublimus Dei (1537), www.newadvent.org/cathen/11354a.htm.REUTER, TIMOTHY. Germany in the Early Middle Ages c. 800-1056. TAYLOR FRANCIS, 2016.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Casual Factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Easygoing Factors - Essay Example mer incorporates such factors as hereditary mien and peri-natal molding, substance uneven characters, harms to the focal sensory system, and so forth., while the last incorporates such factors as tutoring framework, family and other social angles. The rest of this exposition will invasion into methods of recognizing these variables, their outcomes, and methods of moderating them (Dodge, 1993) Passionate disarranges brought about by family can take a few shapes. For instance, a kid that is continually presented to aggressive behavior at home, sexual maltreatment, over the top put-down, steady destitution and loss of a parent can create side effects identified with tension and burdensome issue. Some indications of family-prompted mental disarranges are: a thoughtful character, scholastic underperformance, poor social aptitudes, adolescent wrongdoing, and so forth. Perceiving early signs can be troublesome as the influenced kids can accept a typical outside mien (Dodge, 1993). For the most part, the basic issue becomes known simply after an awful scene. In any case, kid advocates can assume a huge job in helping a portion of the enthusiastic and standards of conduct through use of such procedures as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Primal Therapy, and so forth. Prescriptions, for example, lithium, Buspirone, Fluoxetine, Bupropion, and so forth can likewise be helpful yet must be utilized with alert. Additionally, prescriptions don’t give lasting fix yet just brief indicative alleviation. Subsequently, a delayed advising system to change negative subjective and standards of conduct is the most adequate of the treatment choices (Stewart, 1999). Enthusiastic aggravations that are brought about by an inadmissible school condition are like those that are brought about by disorganized family conditions. Wrong floggings, harassing by peers, absence of legitimate consideration from instructors, and so on., can cause the kid to feel miserable and forlorn. The youngster is likewise prone to encounter sentiments of blame and uselessness. The harrowed youngster

Friday, August 21, 2020

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management Essay

The reason for this paper is to talk about the medical attendant proportions and how the board and pioneers successfully join speculations, standards and initiative styles and characteristics that are powerful in giving quality authority and the board to staff. There are contrasts in pioneers and directors, in the styles, objectives and characteristics that characterize pioneers and supervisors. The impacts of the medical attendant patient proportion can be viewed just as felt on different degrees of the office. To the extent nurture supervisors, they are on the nearest level other than bedside attendants to see the impacts of proportions. Studies have demonstrated that higher medical caretaker understanding proportions lead to higher antagonistic results for patients, lower quiet fulfillment just as higher attendant turnover , which expands expenses to the office. The article in the Journal of Clinical Nursing (2011) examines the connections between nurture staffing, nursing exercises and unfavorable patient results in the intense consideration setting as announced by medical attendants in Finland and the Netherlands. The investigation was performed utilizing a cross-sectional, distinct poll. The examination talks about errands performed by medical attendants, just as undertakings performed by LPN’s and other staff. The examinations show that attendants with higher patient ratio’s have higher rate of prescription organization blunders, persistent falls as lower understanding f ulfillment. The medical attendant chief has direct effect on the turn of events and usage of instruments, for example, the staffing framework, acuities scores and what is the approach for staffing. The attendants ought to have the option to go to the administrators with concerns in regards to personnel shortages. Nursing pioneers take a gander at the master plan, for example, tolerant fulfillment but at the same time are required to take a gander at financial obligations that the office has, just as network occasions and bolster ventures. Pioneers hope to improve and advance positive changes that will profit the network served by the office. Medical attendant pioneers can assess how the arrangements and systems are functioning, in the event that they should be changes to give better nature of care. Medical caretaker pioneers likewise help with teaching staff on the reasons change is fundamental and the means that can be taken to successfully actualize changes. Medical caretaker administrators are there to give guidance on day by day errands, support and as a resourceâ to staff. Regularly, nurture chiefs manage everyday running of the floor and issues that emerge with staff as well as patients. Supervisors ordinarily observe issues that emerge with current strategies, give guidance to staff. It is reasonable how the executives can be pulled in inverse ways, for example, what is best for nursing staff and patients may not be equivalent to what is useful for the office. Upper administration doesn't generally appear to have a grip on the truth of the floor, the everyday issues of giving patient consideration and exactly what is important to keep up tolerant fulfillment. The speculations and rules that best portray this scholars reasoning is a blend. One hypothesis or standard doesn't fit. A blend of situational, worker and participative incorporates the hypotheses followed. Various circumstances can bring out various needs. A model in my office is, with concerns in regards to money related changes happening in social insurance, increasing expenses to human services, a poor economy and diminished reimbursments, the pioneers need to take a gander at every one of those angles, and assess the hazard versus advantages to nurture proportions. The medical caretaker chiefs need to adhere to the guidelines put forward, and attempt to conform to the requests from upper administration. It is normal by me that nurture administrators take a gander at the truth of the floor while remembering the requirements of the office. Floor attendants are the promoters for the patient, and have a one of a kind point of view of the necessities of the floor. Overseeing staffing, acuities and patient consideration while additionally managing doctors, and upperâ management requires exertion and dynamic investment. Pioneers need to consider some fresh possibilities, take a gander at the master plan and afterward persuade everybody that the progressions are important, required and valuable. The two positions require abilities, for example, great correspondence, great tuning in, having the option to lead without tyranny or by dread. Making a positive situation while keeping up power isn't a simple undertaking. Making an air helpful for change while giving excellent consideration and keeping everybody cheerful is a significantly increasingly troublesome undertaking. In any case, both of these undertakings require a relationship, trust and correspondence between all gatherings or divisions included. Staffing proportions have been contemplated, as found in the investigation with respect to work fulfillment (Nursing Economics, 2012) talks about the first staffing law that became effective in California in 2004. The investigation indicated that medical caretakers with a lower attendant to tolerant proportion had a higher activity fulfillment rate, just as better patient fulfillment. The expenses related with high medical caretaker turnover incorporate something other than fiscal expenses. The dangers to patients can not be overlooked. Medical caretaker chiefs can assess the adequacy of the approaches as they are nearest to the floor attendants and patients. Medical caretaker chiefs have an alternate and remarkable experience, as do nurture pioneers. The two territories require dynamic investment with every day communication with staff. The staff needs to feel a piece of the group, regarded and tuned in to. To have a successful unit, joint effort between all levels should be set up. Viable directors and viable pioneers can cooperate to accomplish objectives, while giving top notch persistent consideration. References Hinno, S., Partanen, P., and Vehvilã ¤inen-Julkunen, K. (2012). Nursing exercises, nurture staffing and unfriendly patient results as apparent by medical clinic attendants. Diary Of Clinical Nursing, 21(11/12), 1584-1593. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03956.x Tellez, M. (2012). Work Satisfaction Among California Registered Nurses: A Longitudinal Comparative Analysis. Nursing Economic$, 30(2), 73-81.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Essay Tips - How to Write My Paper For Me

Essay Tips - How to Write My Paper For MeIf you have made the decision to write your own college essays on any topic for that matter, then you have no doubt come across several ways to write your paper for me. You can either do it yourself or you can hire a student who knows the format and if you hire him or her, you will have to go with a certain type of paper. In fact, this is the major reason why you are trying to make the decision to write your own essay for me. If you are not familiar with what is required to be submitted in an essay, you should now know all the essentials so that you can succeed in doing it yourself.Before you even start your college essay, it is important that you understand the student or instructor who will be assigning it. The way you approach it could have a great effect on how it turns out. If you have questions, be honest with yourself and ask. Doing so will show you that you are making the right choice. You will also feel more comfortable going through the process if you are comfortable with the instructor or fellow students that you are writing it for.This can be a very demanding task because you need to not only write, but you also need to submit it in a certain amount of time. If you want to submit it in five days, you should realize that you will have to write and re-write it several times because it is a very long essay. If you have this written in mind, you will be confident that you will be able to do it in a limited amount of time. Once you have finished the essay, be sure to give it to the instructor. Then, he or she will give you suggestions on what you need to change in order to make it better.It is also important that you know the content of the essay. This is so that you can tailor it according to the theme of the course that you are taking. There are four themes that you can choose from and they are such that include wordiness, power, expressions and have your own style. This is the only way that you can make sure th at the essay that you write for me is not an impenetrable wall of content.If you are going to make your own essay for me, it is important that you know how to structure it so that it can run smoothly. You can either do it the traditional way or with the help of a teacher. However, there are some basics that you should know if you want to create a well-written paper.One of the first things that you should remember is that you should start with the introduction and end with the conclusion. There should be proper flow, and it should reflect the tone of the entire essay. You should also realize that writing essays are more effective when you add up or summarize what you have to say. In addition, it should also follow the trends of the topic that you are dealing with. If you are writing for yourself, you should stick to the style of your own opinion.Writing an essay for me can be a very fun and creative experience if you have the right mindset and attitude. Do not take it too seriously a nd enjoy what you are doing so that you will be able to enjoy writing it in the end.

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1300 Words

It is quite common nowadays that classic pieces of literature are transformed into movies. Oftentimes these movies are considered to be not as enjoyable to view as the book, one such case is The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald; a classic novel that gives us a glimpse into the vivacious 1920s. The story begins with Nick Carraway (the narrator) explaining the backstory of his life. He lives in a fictional town on Long Island, named West Egg, across the bay from his cousin Daisy Buchanan and next to a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby, whom he rarely sees. Daisy is married to Tom Buchanan, a hypocritical and arrogant man of old money. Gatsby on the other hand is an idealistic man of new money, who became wealthy through bootlegging. He is†¦show more content†¦Ultimately, the book is of higher quality and more accurately mirrors the roaring 20s. To begin, both the film and novel portray symbolism. One of the most important symbols being the green light; a light that is on the edge of Daisy’s dock, that can be seen from across the bay. This light represents Gatsby’s hopes and dreams that he has for the future, and the love he has for Daisy. For Gatsby, the light is infuriatingly close for such a distant goal , and he feels as though he can grasp it and obtain a life with Daisy, which he has been desiring for so long. Luhrmann’s film kept to the book in how it portrays the green light as an important symbol. The film even begins with a shot over the water, and the light from Daisy’s dock is shown. The most important scene in the film involving the green light is when Nick looks out his window and sees Gatsby standing at the edge of his dock. Gatsby appears to be reaching out his arm toward Daisy’s house, and seems to be grasping for the light, as if reaching for Daisy, whom he loves and yearns for. Similarly, the green light is mentioned on several occasions, throughout the novel. In a scene similar to the film Nick sees Gatsby outside, standing on the dock and says â€Å"He[Gatsby] stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way, and, far as I was from him, I swear I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Difference Between Primitive Mythology And Classical...

Introduction The difference between primitive mythology and classical mythology is that primitive leans towards the dark and gruesome, whereas classical mythology is move cultivated and not as scary and disturbing as primitive. The Greeks, unlike the Egyptians, made their gods in the image of man. The gods of the egyptians did have some sort of human forms, but it was also half-casted with animals The â€Å"miracle of greek mythology† was when the world became more enlightened and it was not so much of an indistinct place. That was also when human beings were enunciated, and started to notice why things were happening. What the author was referring to when talking about the â€Å"dark spots† was God’s acting brutally and in an indecent manner by human sacrificing. Partly human creature were also referred to as â€Å"dark spots†. The author defined mythology as mankind’s way of describing things that were happening around them. She also says it is doesn’t have to do anything with religion, however there are examples where religion seems to be a part of mythology. Hamilton’s explanations of the differing views of the same Gods had to do with how there are different version of single stories from different authors and time, for example two writers, Homer and Hesiod, both recognized Zeus as the higher power and the chief of the gods, yet had different views on his character. Chapter 1 A. Ovid- Known for telling most of the mythological stories. B. Homer- He wrote the OdysseyShow MoreRelatedThe Educated Imagination3194 Words   |  13 Pagesbecomes involved in civilization. Frye now deals with the distinctive feature of literary language. 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In additional, there are disparities between the paired words with respect to different sexes. The word â€Å"master† can mean: 1). a man who has people working for him, often as servants in his home; 2). a person who is able to control something; 3). a person who is skilled at something; 4).Read MoreIslamic Terrorism and the Attack of September 11 Essay3155 Words   |  13 PagesCertain themes have emerged within the warring points of view as this drama unfolds. There is the blurring of the distinction between Islam as a religion and the acts of terrorism that have occurred on the political stage. It is being blurred in both directions. The terrorists are fusing the two realms while the Americans and their allies are trying to make a rigid distinction between actions motivated by hate and what they call envy of U.S. freedom versus Islam as a religion which they would like to viewRead MoreJesus Teaching on Satan and the Demons3775 Words   |  16 Pagestodays society than the idea of ghosts. In Jesus time, this was not the case; people were well aware of Satan and his activities. Jesus often had to deal wit h things of this nature, and addressed the matter several times in Scripture. The difference between what Jesus had to say on the matter and what the world says today is monumental. Satan plays a major role in many religions, either as an angel, demon or minor god. In Hebrew tradition, God uses the angel Satan to test the piety levels

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Information Technology Wireless Communication

Question: Discuss about theInformation Technology for Wireless Communication. Answer: Comparison and Contrast Among Three Data Encryption Standard for WIMAX Network Security is one of the major concerns for data network but in case of wireless technologies it is difficult to configure a secured one (Parashar Arora, 2013). Certain factors are needed to be analyzed for network security. In order to prevent external attacks prior authentication algorithms measured. Comparison among the three algorithms: DES AES RSA 1. Data encryption standard is referred to as an obsolete data encryption method that used symmetric key for data encryption and decryption as well (He et al., 2014). It means that data are shared in nature. 2. The sender and the receiver of the messages use the same private key for retrieving the data from the network channel. 3. DES is a kind of block cipher which is capable to encrypt plain text into cipher text in terms of permutation and combination. 4. It consists of 64 bit key block and plays a 16 round substitution role. The parity checking process takes around 56 bits of the total rounds (Malik Singh, 2013). 5. For WIMAX network, DES put positive and negative both impact on every system. In DES the strength of the encryption is associated tot the symmetric key size. It has been including as a part of academics (Parashar Arora, 2013). Rather it can be used to keep confidential data completely secured from snooping, spoofing and DOS attacks. 1. AES (Advanced Encryption standard) is the extended or advanced version of DES. It is published in the year of 2001, in terms of FIPS 197 (Burbank et al., 2013). 2. Sender and the receiver do not use the same key for encryption and decryption. It is much elegant and mathematically appreciable. 3. Different sizes of keys are present in this encryption technology. The users can choose as per their requirement. 4. Based on the size of the data the key sizes are selected such as 128 bits, 192 bits and 256 bits. In the initial stage the block sizes are divided in two parts and uses Feistel network. 5. The same cryptographers designed the standard of DES and AES but, AES is more effective to the users (He et al., 2014). 1. It is referred to as a public key algorithm. Though, the key is a pubic but it is asymmetric in nature that is the receiver and the sender do not use same key for encryption and decryption (Banerji Chowdhury, 2013). 2. The sender and the receiver use different key for encryption and decryption. 3. The encryption algorithm is strictly based on modular exponentiations. 1024 bit length for key block is provided by RSA (Hassan and Bach 2014). 4. If a user chooses long lengthen RSA or small lengthen RSA then, the efficiency will become comparatively slower than cipher DES. 5. The best solutions are provided that is for digital signature RSA should be used. Contrast Among the Three Algorithms: DES AES RSA 1. For WIMAX network, DES put positive and negative both impact on every system. In DES the strength of the encryption is associated tot the symmetric key size. 2. However, the processed key length of 56 bits has become very small for currently used modern processing systems. 3. Due to less efficiency DES is withdrawal in the year of 2005. Still advanced triple DES has been approved up to 2031 due to the presence of 168 key bit lengths. 4. Triple DES contains triple iteration of method and it is enough secured. 3DES acts slowly than primitive DES. 5. DES was widely used by different large organizations but in practical practices it has found to be inefficient than the others. 1. Basically, many similarities are found while analyzing DES and AES such as, both maintains symmetric block cipher. However, AES is much secured than DES. 2. In large organizations the rate of usage of AES algorithm is very high. 3. It can be used in wide range as it has the capability to reduce the rate of attacks such as denial of services, snooping ad spoofing. 4. For data security many organizations are already using this algorithm. 1. The cipher and decryption keys are different based on the requirement of the users. Both the function encryption and decryption are slow (Parashar Arora, 2013). 2. The implementation of hardware and software are not sufficient. The simulation speed is very high. 3. The inherited vulnerabilities are Brute force attack and oracle attack. Encryption and decryption are not scalable (refer to appendix 1). 4. The speed of encryption and decryption is slower in RSA and for the highest simulation speed the algorithm is widely used in large industries for data security. Security Challenges for WPAN Technology In traditional wired communication the issues and challenges are found to be taken major role in the network system. Though, messy network has become well configured by adopting wireless communication system. Wireless system possesses major security issues and challenges in technology. These are as follows: Network Security Models that Prevails Security Threats Due to improper configuration of network security models different performance level issue arises while managing the network operations (Burbank et al., 2013). Certain security schemas are there which cannot secure the network issues. From a complete survey it has been found that, the existing security schemes designed for the Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) are not well structured. The wireless communication technique lacks all the appropriate virtualization methodologies. The security models designed for the technologies do not acquire all the necessary features (He et al., 2014). Due to high inconsistency in Bit Error Rate (BER) for the wireless links, application of Compressed Real Time Transport Protocol (CRTP) is inappropriate. As, the wireless sensor network establishes a unidirectional breakdown point for the network system, for network configuration. Therefore, it creates major issue in the system designed (Burbank et al., 2013). Sometimes, it has been found that, if a ll the connected nodes are not get properly attended by the central hub, the root node lacks the security. The location trackers are strictly bounded, therefore, tracking is not possible all the times. The major monitoring zone is not appreciable due to los of improper feature legacy. Major Attacks on the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN): WSN is an advanced technology that provides much modern application of different digital devices. According to Hassan and Bach (2014), the name PAN network referred that it is personal or small sized network near about 31 feet. Traditionally the server and receivers were connected to each other with digital devices in the physical layer of the network however, currently; due to certain emerging technologies the system has become more precise and advanced (Singh, 2013). The research community has not made enough research thus; the system still lags behind any other technologies. The challenges facing by the system are as follows: The WSN do not provide security in all the layers such as physical layer, network layer, data link layer, transmission layer, application layer and process layer of the network model (Malik Singh, 2013). The system is not feasible while considering all the security features. Proper system design will be costly (Parashar Arora, 2013). Technologies used for protection are improper. Security threats cannot be handled properly due to inadequate protocol. Apart from this, the current sensor of the WPN is not active. In some cases the used ad hoc networks are ineffective for different encryption and decryption based solutions. Not only have these, but also the external attacks on routing affected the overall network system of WPAN (Banerji Chowdhury, 2013). As the encryption protocols are not independent and dependent on the router length thus, many network level issues are arising in the system. Absence of interoperability, scalability, flexibility also causes issues in the entire syst em. References Banerji, S., Chowdhury, R. S. (2013). Wi-Fi WiMAX: A Comparative Study.arXiv preprint arXiv:1302.2247. Burbank, J. L., Andrusenko, J., Everett, J. S., Kasch, W. T. (2013).Wireless Networking: Understanding Internetworking Challenges. John Wiley Sons. Hassan, A., Bach, C. (2014, April). WiMAX Basics From Deployments to PHY Improvements. ASEE. He, D., Chan, S., Zhang, Y., Guizani, M., Chen, C., Bu, J. (2014). An enhanced public key infrastructure to secure smart grid wireless communication networks.IEEE Network,28(1), 10-16. Mahajan, P., Sachdeva, A. (2013). A study of Encryption algorithms AES, DES and RSA for security.Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology,13(15). Malik, G., Singh, A. (2013). WiMAX or Wi-Fi: The next generation technology for wireless networking Infrastructure.International Journal of Advances in Engineering Technology,6(3), 1381. Parashar, A., Arora, R. (2013). Secure user data in cloud computing using encryption algorithms.International journal of engineering research and applications,3, 1922-1926. Singh, G. (2013). A study of encryption algorithms (RSA, DES, 3DES and AES) for information security.International Journal of Computer Applications,67(19). Singh, G. (2013). A study of encryption algorithms (RSA, DES, 3DES and AES) for information security.International Journal of Computer Applications,67(19).

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

Dionne Quintuplets Essays - Dionne Quintuplets, Multiple Births

Dionne Quintuplets During the blackest days of the Great Depression there wasnt much hope for anyone, but the Dionne quintuplets helped to lighten the Great Depression somewhat. Who were the Dionne quintuplets and did the Ontario government exploit them? These five sisters had a difficult life; they were displayed to the public for nine years, taken away from their family and put under the guardianship of the doctor who had delivered them. They were used as commercial products, and were robed of the money that they had earned during their early lives. The thirties was a dark period for many Canadians. A depression had occurred. A lot of people lost their jobs and more and more people were getting poorer by the day. The thirties were a sad and hard time for many of the population. The birth of the Dionne quintuplets had sparked some hope. They were the first known quintuplets, however, to survive infancy, and they were one of the few sources of cheerful headlines during that period. Their miracle gave people a chance to get some positive news for a change instead. Annette, C?cile, Emilie, Marie, and Yvonne were born on a humid morning, between three and six A.M., of May 28, 1934. They were born in their parents, Oliva and Elzire Dionnes, two story farmhouse in the town of Collander, Ontario. The babies were born two months prematurely, each weighing less than two pounds. The babies needed incubators, donated by Red Cross, to survive the first few critical months of their lives. A hospital was then built near the Dionne home as a nursery for the five babies. Dr.Allan Roy Dafoe was the doctor who delivered the quintuplets; he claimed that because of him the five baby girls were alive. In 1935 the Dionne quintuplets were taken away from their family and became wards of the Government of Ontario. A bill was passed that the quintuplets were to stay wards of Ontario until their eighteenth birthdays. The government put the quintuplets under the supervision of Dr.Dafoe. Oliva Dionne fought for nine years to get his daughters back. In 1943, the quintuplets were finally returned to their family. Also, that same year Dr.Dafoe died. The sisters only returned twice to see their family, since they didnt feel wanted at home. Some of their brothers and sisters felt like strangers to the Quintuplet sisters. The rest of their siblings were both proud and jealous of them since they were treated like princesses. The other siblings were mad because the quintuplets didnt have to do any chores and the rest of them did, because of these reasons. The quintuplets whole family blamed them for their un-happy lives. After the quintuplets became wards of the Ontario government, they were put on display in what they called Quintland, where people could come and see the quintuplets. Quintland was built on Oliva Dionnes 195-acre farm, right across the road from their family house. Quintland was made up of a horseshoe-shaped observatory, public washrooms, two souvenir shops, the Dionnes house, a woolen shop that belonged to Oliva, a guard house, a staff house, a private playground, and the Dafoe nursery. Over three million people came from all over the globe to see the quintuplets, during the nine years the Quintland was open. The five Dionne girls didnt live a life just like anyone else. They were big celebrities, but there was a price to pay. There whole life was based on a strict routine. Although they were taken away from their parents for nine years, they say that living in the nursery was actually fun. They got to be raised by private teachers and nurses. They also did many things during their lives. They visited New York at the age of sixteen. They met the Premiere. They even went to go see the Queen. They seemed to be living a great life, but their life at home wasnt too great; they moved out at eighteen. Only Yvonne, Cecile and Annette returned home twice. The five sisters attended college at Nicolet, Quebec. In 1953, Marie entered a convent in Quebec City and spent several months there. In 1954, Emilie died from an epileptic seizure, at the

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Free Essays on ALS

Introduction I.Lou Gehrig A.He was one of the greatest baseball players of all time by hitting 493 career home runs. (www.mlb.com) B.Nicknamed the â€Å"Iron Horse† for playing in 2130 consecutive games. C.Late in his career he developed ALS, a disease that is now often referred to as â€Å"Lou Gehrig’s Disease.† II.My grandma developed â€Å"Lou Gehrig’s Disease† when I was in second grade. A.I remember every time that I went and visited her that she seemed to get progressively weaker. B.After putting up an extremely hard fight, my grandma died of ALS in January of my third grade year. III.Today I would like to inform you about the disease that took my grandmas life by explaining the disease, who is effected by it, and treatments used for ALS. (Transition) – Lets start with an overview of what ALS is and what it does to the body. Body I.Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is commonly known as ALS or Lou Gehrigs Disease. (www.als.net) A.The disease attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. 1.Motor neurons are used to send impulses to muscles, but due to ALS they are unable to perform this task and the muscles begin to wear away. 2.Symptoms of ALS include cramping, loss of motor control in arms and legs, and falling or dropping things often. a.My grandma fell and had to be taken to the ER. (Grandpa) i.That is when we first learned of her having ALS. B.After being diagnosed with ALS there is a wide life expectancy rate. 1.Half of everyone affected lives between three and five years after they are diagnosed. 2.20% of people make it to live between five and 10 years, while another twenty percent fail to live three years after being diagnosed. 3.Ten percent of ALS patients are fortunate enough to live ten years after being diagnosed with the disease. (Transition) – Since we have looked at what ALS does to the body we will look at who gets ALS in the United States. II.There is no ... Free Essays on ALS Free Essays on ALS Introduction I. Lou Gehrig A. He was one of the greatest baseball players of all time by hitting 493 career home runs. (www.mlb.com) B. Nicknamed the â€Å"Iron Horse† for playing in 2130 consecutive games. C. Late in his career he developed ALS, a disease that is now often referred to as â€Å"Lou Gehrig’s Disease.† II. My grandma developed â€Å"Lou Gehrig’s Disease† when I was in second grade. A. I remember every time that I went and visited her that she seemed to get progressively weaker. B. After putting up an extremely hard fight, my grandma died of ALS in January of my third grade year. III. Today I would like to inform you about the disease that took my grandmas life by explaining the disease, who is effected by it, and treatments used for ALS. (Transition) – Lets start with an overview of what ALS is and what it does to the body. Body I. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is commonly known as ALS or Lou Gehrigs Disease. (www.als.net) A. The disease attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. 1. Motor neurons are used to send impulses to muscles, but due to ALS they are unable to perform this task and the muscles begin to wear away. 2. Symptoms of ALS include cramping, loss of motor control in arms and legs, and falling or dropping things often. a. My grandma fell and had to be taken to the ER. (Grandpa) i. That is when we first learned of her having ALS. B. After being diagnosed with ALS there is a wide life expectancy rate. 1. Half of everyone affected lives between three and five years after they are diagnosed. 2. 20% of people make it to live between five and 10 years, while another twenty percent fail to live three years after being diagnosed. 3. Ten percent of ALS patients are fortunate enough to live ten years after being diagnosed with the disease. (Transition) – Since we have looked at what ALS does to the body we will look at who gets ALS in the United States. II. There is no ...

Tuesday, February 25, 2020

Effect of Taxation on the Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Effect of Taxation on the Economy - Essay Example This also leads to a less desirable allocation of the society's resources, thereby bringing about an additional loss in the overall well being. This loss is often referred to as the excess burden of the tax. It is a measure of the inefficiency of the tax, which is to say that it takes more than 1 of private output resource and income to finance 1 of public expenditure. Estimates predict that the taxes would positively use resources only to a certain extent after which these resources will escape into informal sector and diminish tax growth and efficiency. This paper examines the effects of different types of taxes as well as the tax rates on the economic efficiency of the country. It will first give an overview of the types of taxes that are levied and their relevance after which it will compare the tax revenues and the tax rates. It will be followed by a case study to amplify the effects of taxation on the economy. Taxes are direct and indirect in nature of collection. If the taxes are collected directly from the individuals and organisations on whom they are imposed then we refer to them as direct taxes while the taxes that are collected from person other than the one on whom it is imposed it is referred to as indirect tax. Taxes can be divided into two major categories. ... It is often argued that if the present system of levying income tax is replaced with the broad consumption based tax system it would greatly improve the economic efficiency on many accounts. It would eliminate the influence of taxes on the timing of consumption and it may also subject different sources of income to be included in the tax base and similar tax rates which would have otherwise not come under the tax net. A broader tax base would also help in lowering the overall marginal tax rates hence giving a wider choice to the consumer. (James,2006) The lesser the tax system influences the economic choices of the firms and the consumers the more efficient it will be.Income tax by its nature affects two major house hold decisions. Firstly it reduces the price of current leisure in relation to its current consumption. This induces the households to cut back on their consumption and labor supply and increase the leisure. Secondly by taxing the capital income, the income tax brings dow n the price of current consumption in comparison to the future consumption thus discouraging house holds to save more thereby lowering the investment potential of the economy. (Tuomala 1990) On the other hand the consumption based tax influences only the buying decision of the individuals and the returns to the capital income are left untaxed. To make a tax base broader and more neutral it is imperative to lower marginal tax rates. This way the comprehensive tax will improve the economic efficiency to a large extent. Tax Rates v/s Tax Revenues. Higher tax rates levied by the government equally affects all individuals in the society. The

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Gleevac Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Gleevac - Essay Example It has four pKa values; 1.52, 2.56, 3.73, 8.07, very soluble in buffers of PH 5.5 and slightly soluble in neutral/alkaline aqueous buffers. Gleevec recognizes the auto inhibitory conformation of the activation loop of the protein that regulates the kinase activity. The structure of inactive state is distinct between different kinases. It has a half-life of 15 hours and allows daily administration. Gleevec is used to treat the chronic phase of CML though applications have been found in Advanced and blast crisis phases. Its efficacy has been found to reduce with phase progression.Most patients that don’t respond to gleevec are in advanced stages of CML at the initiation of treatment. Failure rate of imatinib in patient with chronic phase CML remains low(at less than 15%at 18 months) in patients who did not respond to interferon. In the 1980’s and 90’s much skepticism prevailed first on the development of compounds with specificity among protein kinases. Secondly, the targeting of singular molecular defects seemed insufficient in the treatment of highly heterogeneous cancer [11]. Gazit in 1989 reported low molecular weight tyrosine kinase inhibitors with selective activity towards EGFR. These inhibitors were called tyrophostins. Tyrophostins were useful in selective antiproliferation agents for proliferative diseases caused by hyperactivity of protein tyrosine kinases. Though tyrophostins were not clinically developed, they provided the proof of the principle of selective inhibition of tyrosine kinases by using small molecules [16]. Subsequently 2 phenylaminopyrimidines were reported as selective inhibitors for protein kinases C (PKC), Abelson (ABL) and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) kinases [3]. Tyrosine kinases mediate many of the signaling pathways by which cancer cells prom ote their proliferation and survival. They control cellular function and are thought to be too similar to be inhibited in-vivo [15]. Overall imatinib shows

Thursday, January 30, 2020

Styles in sculptures Essay Example for Free

Styles in sculptures Essay Romans and Greeks have created arts of antiquity. One of the major arts that they ever crafted are sculptures. They are pieces of art that hold diverse functions such as decoration of temples, celebration of the dead or well-known public figure, commemoration of victory and offer to the gods. Those sculptures carry a specific style in accordance to the period that they are made. The sculptures entitled Nike Adjusting Her Sandals and the Discus Thrower (Diskobolos), are two renowned sculptures that demonstrate richness and exceptional styles of Greek antiquity art. Nike Adjusting Her Sandals is a low relief statue carved during the 410-407 B. C by Praxiteles. It is taken from a portion and fragment of the Temple of Athena Nike Parapet (Scott). It delineates Nike, the goddess of victory, bending and stooping to fix a strap of her sandal. The artist reveals his enthusiasm in the discovery and exploration between the drapery and the female anatomy (Hope). The aforementioned stature demonstrates a relief kind of sculpture. It means that the subject has been drawn on a flat surface and further developed in order to achieve its physical form and appearance. It presents in varying degrees a two-dimensional background however, Praxiteles has managed to create a masterpiece where the figure is treated in a relief form but gives a three-dimensional effect on its spectators. Furthermore, the sculpture itself reveals the Greek Classical style of sculpture. It illustrates lively movement, freedom of expression and autonomy of mankind because it is the period when artists started to expand and go outside the formal aesthetic boundaries. They began to articulate human figures in a naturalistic manner (â€Å"Sculpture of the Greek Classical Period†). Nike Adjusting Her Sandal has clearly portrayed that form because the figure itself depicts Nike adjusting a strap of her sandal. It exemplifies freedom in expression because Praxiteles has chosen to create a subject that is exceptionally unfamiliar. He has decided to sculpt the very moment when Nike stoops down. Moreover, it gives an impression of movement within a space. On the other hand, the Discus Thrower (Diskobolos), a Roman version of the lost original Greek bronze sculpture, is created by Myron during the peak of the Classical period amidst 460-450 B. C. In the piece of art, a discus thrower is portrayed in a manner that is about to release his throw (â€Å"Discobolus†). The Discus Thrower is a round sculpture because the subject can be seen in any direction, in any angle, even from above, from below and from behind. It is also free-standing and is fully developed from all perspectives. It also characterizes a Classical style of sculpture primarily because of its subject and the manner that it is rendered. It represents a perfect athletic manifestation. Moreover, it reveals the contrapusto form of sculpture. The mentioned sculpture belongs in the Classical realm because the figure is carved in a realistic manner, portraying the action prior to the throw. Myron’s approach in his piece also illustrates freedom of articulation and boastful, vigorous and convincing movement. The thrower’s muscles and concentrated expression make a strong impression (â€Å"Marble Statue: Discus Thrower†) and lively effect on the spectator. Furthermore, the Discus Thrower is a powerful representation of the Greek sense of harmony and balance (Petronius). Myron divulges mastery of style. On the contrary, there are controversies with regards to the pose of the thrower. Consequently, it is said to delineate an unnatural pose to a human and is considered as an inefficient way to throw the discus. However, the inefficient posture is defended and considered to be because of the ancient Olympic sportsmen’s set of rotation of three quarters prior to the throw. The two sculptures namely Nike Adjusting Her Sandal and Discus Thrower are the same in style because both of them portray Classical sculpture. On the contrary, they are very much different because the two artists, Praxiteles and Myron, render their subjects differently which can be justified into several reasons. First, the types of sculpture that the two objects are presented. Nike Adjusting Her Sandal is a relief sculpture. In contrast, Discus Thrower is a round one. Second, their manifestations are not both natural, which means that the artists have not been loyal and devoted to nature. Nike Adjusting Her Sandal is rendered without a head. The only natural treatment with it is its intricate drapery. On the other hand, the Discus Thrower’s pose is considered to be unnatural. The natural element on it concentrates on the rendition of human figure—its physical features and characteristics. Nike Adjusting Her Sandal and Discus Thrower are primarily different because the former is created by a Greek and the latter is crafted by a Roman even though it is patterned from the original Greek sculpture. Moreover, the distinctions between them lie on their physical depictions even though they both demonstrate similar style. The Greek and Roman sculptures are powerful and strong illustrations of advanced artistic development of the period and of the continent. Nike Adjusting Her Sandal and Discus Thrower reveal the Classical style of sculpture and the two types of sculpture namely relief and round, during those times. Their respective artists present mastery in skills and styles. Praxiteles divulges his mastery in intricate and elaborate drapery. On the contrary, Myron expresses it on the contrapusto form of the figures. Works Cited â€Å"Discobolus. † 2009. Absolute Astronomy. 08 April 2009. http://www. absoluteastronomy. com/topics/Discobolus Hope, Kenneth. â€Å"Nike Adjusting Her Sandal, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis.16 May 2007. What Do I Know? 08 April 2009. http://idliketocallyourattentionto. blogspot. com/2007/05/nike-adjusting-her-sandal-temple-of. html â€Å"Marble Statue: Discus Thrower. † 2009. Alibaba. com. 08 April 2009. http://www. alibaba. com/product-gs/204358242/Marble_statue_Discus_Thrower_. html Petronius, Satyricon. n. d. Diskobolos. 08 April 2009. http://penelope. uchicago. edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/miscellanea/museums/discobolus. html Scott, Zack â€Å"The Nike. † 4 December 1996. Visual Arts 11. 08 April 2009. http://orpheus. ucsd. edu/va11/nike. html.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

The Physics of Flight Essay -- Airplanes Aerodynamics Science Essays

The Physics of Flight The trials and tribulations of flight have had their ups and downs over the course of history. From the many who failed to the few that conquered; the thought of flight has always astonished us all. The Wright brothers were the first to sustain flight and therefore are credited with the invention of the airplane. John Allen who wrote Aerodynamics: The Science of Air in Motion says, â€Å"The Wright Brothers were the supreme example of their time of men gifted with practical skill, theoretical knowledge and insight† (6). As we all know, the airplane has had thousands of designs since then, but for the most part the physics of flight has remained the same. As you can see, the failures that occurred while trying to fly only prove that flight is truly remarkable. Flight uses four forces: lift, weight, thrust, and drag. In a nutshell; so to speak, an airplane must create enough lift to support its own weight. Secondly, the airplane must produce thrust to propel itself. Finally, the aircraft must overcome the drag or the force of resistance on the airplane that is moving through the air. All four of these forces are vital and necessary for an aircraft to move, takeoff, fly, and land. Wings create lift for the upward force of an airplane. A great example of how this happens is sticking your hand out of a car window driving down the freeway. The force on your flat palm causes a force that can lift your hand up or down by changing the angles of your wrist. Another way to explain this is by the concept of the Bernoulli Effect. According to Kirkpatrick and Wheeler; authors of Physics: A World View, the concept of lift is due to the Bernoulli Effect. They state: â€Å"The upper surfaces of airplane wings are curved ... ...e in any one of these forces leads to a change in the others† (139). A pilot can use many different controls and means of propulsion to change and manipulate the balance of these forces. By doing this the pilot is able to change their speed and change their direction. The Physics of Flight are truly unbelievable occurrences that create amazing effects. Without the concept of flight we would live in a totally different world. Works Cited Allen, John. Aerodynamics: The Science of Air in Motion. London: Granada Publishing Limited, 1982. Kirkpatrick, Larry, and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics: A World View. 4th ed. Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. Shevell, Richard. Fundamentals of Flight. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1989. â€Å"How an Airplane Flies,† Microsoft  ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2003 http://encarta.msn.com  © 1997-2003 Microsoft Corporation.

Monday, January 13, 2020

Elementary School Conduct Essay

Keeping in mind the fact that the beginning years of a child’s academic education build the foundation of his future life, this school holds certain policies, which aim to provide an effective learning climate where students are trained to develop social skills and gain responsibility. This paper outlines those policies as well as presents a number of academic and behavioral standards that should be maintained by the school members at all times. Academic Standards The academic syllabus of our school stresses on three chief study courses: †¢ Skill development of different forms of communication, which include comprehensive reading and listening, good legible handwriting, and speaking power. †¢ Providing an appropriate understanding of the use of numbers and the significance of basic calculations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) in our daily lives. †¢ Development of relationship building skills, which give the students a chance to interact with people outside their home and expand their social circle. Moreover, as these students are new to the academic world, our school makes it mandatory to construct such a syllabus that widens their conception of the world they live in. In view of this notion, students from Grade-1 to Grade-6 are taught about love at home, neighbor and classmate relationships, relationship between one’s own society and the others, the state and country they live in, and lastly, information about the rest of the world, respectively. In addition, character building and teamwork is encouraged throughout the elementary level. (McCarthy, 1990) Behavioral Standards In order to create a disciplined and comfortable learning environment for the students, our school requires all school members to appreciate and conform to the following rules and regulations regarding their conduct at the facility: †¢ Honor the attributes and integrity of themselves and other people present at the school. †¢ Hold a fair attitude to everyone at school avoiding any form of discrimination whether it is racial, cultural, gendered, ethnic, etc. †¢ Communicate in a decent fashion avoiding any form of profanity or obscene gestures. †¢ Avoid an attitude that is hurtful, discriminatory or unacceptable in any other form, to anyone at school. †¢ Everyone should be dressed in compliance with the dressing code of the school. †¢ Commodities belonging to the school or any other person should be dealt with proper care. †¢ Appreciate the different tasks assigned to the various employees working at the school. †¢ Avoid carrying any form of harmful instruments inside the school building. †¢ Avoid consumption of any substance that could cause to lose your actual demeanor. Members of the school failing to comply with the above rules will have to face consequences in accordance with intensity and frequency of their offences. (Student Services Division, 2001) Professional Relationships The teachers at our school are trained to cooperate and work jointly with the parents in order to augment the learning abilities of students both at school and home. Moreover, our school works conjointly with various professionals and organizations to build a healthier learning climate for the students. Roles & Responsibilities Students: †¢ Should avail every chance to learn offered to them, and study to the best of their abilities. †¢ Should come to school regularly and attend all classes, reporting any reason for an absence. †¢ Should understand and follow all the rules, and face the consequences of any misconduct. †¢ Should handle school or any other individual’s property with appropriate care. †¢ Should participate in creating a secure and suitable learning climate for the pupils. Parents: †¢ Should extend any hand required to expand their children’s learning abilities. †¢ Should encourage their students to comply with all the rules and standards of the school. †¢ Should have regular meetings with the teachers on their child’s overall progress. †¢ Should make sure that their children are well fed and physically fit for school. †¢ Should cooperate with the teachers in providing their children with quality education. Teachers: †¢ Should provide a keen knowledge and understanding of the syllabus assigned to them. †¢ Should use techniques that provide a quicker and better understanding of the subject. †¢ Should compare the results and use the more influential teaching method. †¢ Should devise various plans and strategies for students that require special attention. †¢ Should discuss with students their academic progress, and give advice for its enhancement. †¢ Should take every action necessary to maintain a healthy and disciplined working climate. †¢ Should make an effort to create respect, in the minds of the students for any race, minority, religion or country found anywhere in the world.†¢ Should maintain a healthy classroom at all times (Student Services Division, 2001) Works Cited 1. McCarthy, William G. (1990). Elementary School. In The World Book Encyclopedia (Vol. 6, pp. 223). Chicago: World Book, Inc. 2. School Code of Conduct. (2001). Student Services Division. Retrieved July 27, 2008, from Nova Scotia Department of Education. Website: http://www. ednet. ns. ca/pdfdocs/studentsvcs/code_of_conduct/conduct. pdf

Sunday, January 5, 2020

Frederick Douglass An Influential Orator - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1320 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frederick Douglass Essay Did you like this example? Frederick Douglass is widely known as one of the more influential orators and figures for abolitionists during the times of slavery. While a slave, Douglass tirelessly planned his escape from the appalling conditions he had endured since his early childhood. Whipped, manipulated and deprived of human rights, Douglass had every right to feel that his terrible situation would never improve. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Frederick Douglass: An Influential Orator" essay for you Create order Slowly but surely, Douglass equipped himself with the social skills and economic capital to escape from the South into the freedom of the North. Douglass eas influenced by the significance of the physical beatings he witnessed, including that of Aunt Hester. One of his owners, Mr. Auld, shares his belief that allowing slaves to read would endanger his ability to continue the plantation. The last significant event that Douglass experiences would be his sale to the breaker Mr. Covey. All three events signify a clear and malicious attempt made by white slaveowners to deny African Americans their rights, for their own personal gain. Much of Douglass childhood is detailed in his narrative. As a child, Douglass was separated from his family, his mother had died early on in his life likely from the physical and mental toll of slavery and he also believed his slave owner was his father. One could argue that the separation was deliberate, and meant to cause emotional pain for the child as well as the parent. The mother would have to obey the slaveowner because they could beat the child if the mother or father did not obey. At that point in history, most people knew and realized that slaves had little to no education available. Douglass did not have the social awareness nor the intellectual ability to understand what was going on, or why slavery was out of the ordinary. Thus, one of the first significant events that shaped Douglass occurred when Aunt Hester was brutally whipped in front of him. Even from a neutral point of view, the idea of relentlessly attacking another human being, let alone an innocent woman, is a disgusting idea. White men and women who were on plantations used physical violence to deter slaves from insurrections. One has to ask themselves if you could not prevent someone from doing an action by merely convincing them on your own, was the action itself truly morally justifiable? Douglass was young and still in his formative years, so he was still making his judgments about the relationship between the slave owner and the slave. There are references to how quickly Douglass noticed and learned about the violent dynamic, and how he detested the idea that even when you told the truth as a slave, you were still beaten. White slaveowner thought that by beating their slaves, that they would teach young, formative slaves lik e Douglass to obey. These were the experiences, among others, in which Douglass began to realize that the dynamic made no sense from a logical or moral perspective. The second event that was significant and proves the corruption of the white slaveowner is the conversations between Douglass and Mr. Auld about the power of reading. Douglass engages in an extramarital relationship with Sophia Auld, who is married to Mr. Auld. She provides care and primary education to Douglass, likely out of compassion. Sophia Aulds actions contrast entirely with the actions of her abusive husband, Mr. Auld. Mr. Auld tells Douglass and other slaves that if they learn to read, slaves will become useless because they will be depressed and unmanageable. At this point, Douglass is now old enough to understand and make moral judgments about what his slaveowners say. The first significant event in his childhood was observing beatings like that of Aunt Hester, seeded a natural distrust between Douglass and his slaveowners. Their reasoning is detestable, as they surely know that reading and having an understanding of what is going on outside of the plantation would lead to a loss of control which would be catastrophic for the economy of the south. Douglass understands that the slaveowners preventing slaves from learning to read or learn is part of a deliberate plan to suppress African American freedom, and as a result the relationship between Douglass and the slaveowners becomes fractured. One could argue that Sophia Auld indirectly inspired Douglass to truly see the corruption of the slave-slaveowner relationship. Douglass learns a lot of valuable lessons from this, as he begins to learn how to read despite the physical abuse that he gets as a result. He realizes that to be successful, he will need to learn how to read, obtain informat ion, and plan his escape. Both events fostered and seeded distrust between Douglass and his slaveowners. Their lack of respect, and deliberate mistreatment and mismanagement of the slaves, only exacerbated this. Douglass returns the favor by showing them no respect and regularly planning for how he can escape from the plantation. He eventually becomes educated enough to completely comprehend and loathe his treatment and how he is valued as property, which further causes distrust in his relationship with the Auldrs son and daughter. The final straw for Douglass, and final event to analyze, is Douglass beatings at the hand of the breaker Mr. Covey. Covey is much more outright with his abuse of slaves, including Douglass. He beats Douglass regularly because he feels that Douglass is awkward. If Douglass was a useful slave, and his demeanor simply pissed off the owner, what was the point of beating him? It would do nothing but anger Douglass to a point where he could no longer tolerate the condition. Eventually, the move backfired on Covey, because Douglass fought back and attacked Covey to the point that he had surrendered. There was no punishment because Covey knew his role as an enforcer would be questioned if they knew Douglass had been successful in beating him up. The whole situation and dynamic is proven to be pointless and easily backfires on the slaveowner. Eventually, slaveowners would learn that the only way to stop the abuse is to fight back. When a stronger, more intellectual slave can do it, the other slaves quickly realize that the owner is weak and susceptible. Even if the owner managed to deter or beat the winning slave back into submission, they would lose their credibility and continuously have to wonder whether or not other slaves will attack them at any given time. The irony of the situation is that when Douglass can speak with his slaveowner that he had been loaned from, the slaveowner sends him back to the place that has been abusing him for no reason. One could argue that the actions by Thomas Auld drove Douglass to a fundamental breaking point. Douglass realizes that he can no longer be used as an example to others. He recalls the situation with Aunt Hester and does not want to be the man who is beaten in front of a child. He wants to inspire others, and teach them that what was going on was not acceptable and that they needed to take action to improve their condition. Douglass is imprisoned after his initial attempts to escape, but eventually learns and figures out how to make his way New Bedford in the North. Everyone in contemporary society knows that slavery is wrong. It violated the human rights of the slave and was in no way justifiable for the slaveowner. The idea of beating a slave, let alone in front of a young child, would eventually inspire slaves to realize that what was going on was considered cruel and disgusting. The slaveowners themselves knew that if the slaves were educated, they would begin to revolt because they could understand they too should have the same rights as their slaveowners. Fredrick Douglass paved the way for other slaves to take up arms and fight for what was right, and as a result, he will always be remembered for it.